Solutions for Drainfield Surfacing: Getting Your Septic System Back to Its Best

When your drainfield starts showing signs of surfacing—think puddles in the yard, soggy spots, or wet patches that refuse to dry—it’s time to take action. Drainfield surfacing can indicate a serious problem, but the good news is that there are effective solutions to get your system back on track.

Why Does Drainfield Surfacing Happen?

Drainfield surfacing happens when wastewater doesn’t absorb properly into the soil. It’s often the result of one or more underlying issues:

• Excess solids in the septic tank can clog pipes and soil if the tank isn’t pumped regularly.
• Compacted soil from vehicle traffic or construction can limit water infiltration.
• Biomat build-up, a slimy organic layer, can grow too thick and block absorption.
• Clogged pipes may prevent wastewater from dispersing evenly.
• Hydraulic overload occurs when too much water enters the system at once, overwhelming the drainfield.

Start with the Basics: Pumping and Maintenance

One of the first things to check when your drainfield starts surfacing is the septic tank. If it hasn’t been pumped recently, it might be full, and solids could be migrating into the drainfield. Pumping the septic tank is a quick and effective way to remove excess solids and give your system a fresh start.

Regular maintenance, like pumping every 3–5 years and scheduling routine inspections, is essential for keeping your system healthy. It’s much easier (and cheaper) to prevent problems than to fix them after they’ve escalated.

Hydro Jetting for Clogged Pipes

Clogged pipes are a common cause of surfacing. When wastewater can’t flow freely through the pipes, it backs up and creates surface issues.

This is where hydro jetting comes in. Using high-pressure water, hydro jetting clears out debris, grease, and even root intrusions from the pipes, restoring proper flow. It’s a fast, effective solution, but it’s best left to professionals with the right equipment to avoid damage to your system.

Level the Distribution Box

The distribution box is like the control center for your drainfield, directing wastewater evenly to all the pipes. If it’s tilted or damaged, certain areas might receive too much flow, causing oversaturation.

Inspect the box to ensure it’s perfectly level. Adjust it if necessary, and make sure there are no blockages inside. A properly functioning distribution box can go a long way in preventing surfacing.

Loosen Compacted Soil

Compacted soil can severely limit the drainfield’s ability to absorb wastewater. Heavy machinery, parked vehicles, or even consistent foot traffic can pack the soil down, making it hard for water to seep through.

Soil aeration is a great solution for this. By loosening the ground, you create channels that improve drainage and restore the soil’s natural filtration capabilities. For severe compaction, advanced techniques like the Terralift can be used. This method pumps air and polystyrene beads into the soil, creating permanent drainage channels.

Reduce Water Usage

If your household uses a lot of water, your system may be struggling to keep up. Too much water at once can overwhelm the drainfield, leading to backups and surfacing.

Here’s how to practice better water conservation:

• Fix leaking faucets and running toilets immediately.
• Space out water-heavy activities like laundry and dishwashing.
• Install water-efficient fixtures, such as low-flow toilets and showerheads.

Rejuvenate the Drainfield

Sometimes your drainfield just needs a little help to get back on track. Drain field rejuvenation involves cleaning and stimulating the existing field to enhance its performance.

This process can include enzyme treatments to break down biomat build-up, clearing debris from pipes, and improving soil permeability. Think of it as a spa day for your drainfield!

Rotate or Reroute the Drainfield

For systems that are repeatedly overloaded, adding alternating drain fields can be a long-term solution. By installing additional lines with a diversion valve, you can rotate between fields, allowing one to rest and recover while the other is in use.

In cases of severe damage, rerouting the drainfield might be necessary. This involves relocating or reconstructing part (or all) of the system to a better-suited area. While this is a more intensive solution, it’s sometimes the best option for ensuring your system’s longevity.

Prevent Future Issues

Once your drainfield is back to normal, preventive measures are key to keeping it that way. Regular maintenance, such as septic tank pumping and inspections, ensures that small issues don’t snowball into major problems.

Mind what you put into your system. Avoid flushing non-degradable items, grease, or harsh chemicals, as these can clog pipes and disrupt the system’s bacterial balance. Periodic enzyme treatments can also help by breaking down biomat and improving soil absorption.

Protect the drainfield area by limiting heavy traffic, such as vehicles or equipment, and maintaining vegetation to stabilize the soil. Grass is particularly helpful for preventing erosion and supporting healthy filtration.

Drainfield Surfacing? Let  Drainfield Solutions Help!

If drainfield surfacing has turned your yard into a swampy mess, don’t worry—Drainfield Solutions  is here to help. As a family-owned business with nearly two decades of experience, we specialize in diagnosing and fixing septic system issues with personalized care and professional expertise.